Improvement in driers



UNITED S'rA'rs ET FFIcE.

HENRY WV. ADAMS, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ANI) STE UBEN T. BACON, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS; SAID ADAMS ASSIGNS HIS RIGHT TO SAID BACON.

IMPROVEMENT iN DRIERS.

Speciiication forming part of Letters Patent No. 116,532, dated July 4, 1871.

To all whom it muy concern.:

Be it known that we, HENRY lV. ADAMS, M. D., of the city and county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, and STEUBEN T. BACON, of Boston, county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented a Steam-Vacuum Drying Apparatus, oi' which the following is a specitication:

The first part of our invention relates to the method of producing avacuum in a kiln for drying substances the obj ect of this part of our invention being to facilitate the freeing of said substances from water. The second part of our in yention relates to the method of warming the said substances to facilitate the removal of the water from the same.

Figure 1 represents an isometrical view of our Y apparatus; Fig. 2, a front View of the same.

Fi 3 and 4 are i'iews of the drying-pans. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional View through the center. Fig. (i is a sectional View on the line A B in Fig. 1.

` al View of the vacuum-chamber in which the sub! stances to be dried are placed. D, in Fig. l, also represents the same chamber. This chamber is made of metal, and air-tight. H, in Figs. l and 2, represents the method, shown in the drawing, ot' opening and closing the chamber and scaling it airtight. I It, in Fig. 2, represent India-rubber packing around the inner edge or border of the door, which, when closed, lits against the end of the chamber, as shown in Fig. l. The cross-bar L is then placed across it, and its setscrew turned until the joint is made air-tight. The mode of making the vacuum is as follows: P and P' represent a steam-pipe. p a-nd p represent steam-pipes to be connected with a steamgenerator for injecting steam into P and P p2, in Fig. 5, represents a pipe connecting the yacuA um-chamber with the steam-pipe P. W'hen steam is turned into the pipe p, and escapes from its inserted end through a small opening into the larger pipe P, it draws the air or vapor out of the chamber l), and forces it through pipe P and P in to the spade E, between the chamber l) and its case C, and thus makes a vacuum more or less perfect in the chamber l). The jet of steam to be introduced into the pipe p1 shooting' down into the larger pipe P, is designed to act as the co-etlicient of p in producing said vacuum. C represents a case surrounding the chamber D, having a small space between them. A ilange, a a, is lirmly sccured to the chamber D, a small dista nee back from end ot' the case C. These two iian ges, with an India-rubb er packin gbetween them, are fastened together by the bolts and nuts n a u a. s p represent apipe surroundin g the vacuunrchamber near its front end, j )erbrated with tine holes. Connected with this pipe one end of the coil c p, loca-ted in the vaenum-chamber for a heater, and the oth er end-oi the said coil is connected with the exl'iaust-pipe E P, Fig. 2. A jet of steam to be introduced from the generator into the pipe p3, and escaping from it through a small opening into the larger exhaust-pipe E P at a point above the connection of the said coilwith the said pipe, will draw all air, vapor, or gaseous matter inthe space E 4between the chamber and its case into the pipe s p, through the small and equidistant j ierforations in it, and from thence into and -,thrpu gh the coil c p, and discharge them through the pipe E P into the air. This device will heat equally all sides ot' the vacuum-chamber, and also its interior, to any degree of temperature desirable for the purposes ot' this invention. The principal object ol' thisinvention being to desiccate substances, such as meat, milk, fruits, g "ains, and Vegetables which should be dried at a tempcrat-ure below that of steam, it is desirable to introduce into the space E, between the vacuumchamber and its case, air to condense the steam discharged into it from the steam-pipes P P', by which means the air is raised to a temperature below steam-heat, and, is drawn through the coil cp and discharged from E P, while the condensed steam is drawn oit' at the cockl. A, C, and F, Fig. l, represent the devices for introducing said air, the piantity desired at any time to be admitted heilig regulated by the valve at A C. The steam-j et a-t pf will produce such a draught from the space E between the vacuum-chamber and its case, that when the cockat A C is opened air will rush into the said space with great force through the pipe F, be drawn into the pipe s p, and through the coil e p, and discharged from the pipe E P. In this manner a desirable heat may be comnumicated to the substances to be dried. Another mode oi' supplying heat to the its front. A corresponding lla-nge is iitted to the vacuum-chamber is to admit hot air through the pipe F and valve at A C, heated by any known process. The great beneiit ot' this vacuum consists in reducing the vaporizing temperature in the chamber below that at which water vaporizes in the open air, and instantly removing the said Vapor, by which means the process of desiccation is expedited and the substances less injured by heat. lt in Fig. 3 represents a vessel for holding milk, sirup, or other liquids to be Concentrated. R1, Fig. 4, iepresents a perforated vessel for holding' solid substances, to permit a freer escape of the vapor. b b b b in Fig. 6 show supports for vessels or trays. Y

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The steam-pipe l), in combination with the vacuum-chamber D, and the space between said.

chamber and its outer case, C, substantially in the manner and for the purposes shown and described.

2. rEhe pipe p1, in combination with the pipe P, and the space between C and D, substantially in manner and forthe purposes shown and described.

3. The valve A C, in combination with the case C coinnninicating with the space included between C and D, substantially in the manner and for the purposes shown and described.

4. The perfo 1ated pipe s p in the space between the case C and chamber D, in combination with the coil c p in the chamber D.

5. rl`he coil c p communicating with the spaces between C and D, substantially in the manner and for the purposes shown and described.

6. The pipe p, in combination with E P and coil c p, substantially in. the manner and for the purposes shown and described.

7. The use of air entering through the Valve A Cinto the space E, between C and D, in the manner and i'or the purposes shown and described.

8. In an apparatus substantially as hereinl before described, the hot-air pipe F, provided with valve A C, all as herein set forth.

9. In the drying apparatus hereinbefore described, the iiange n a, in combination with chamber l), and the corresponding flange on ease C united together with packing by means ot' bolts and nuts yn u/ a n', substantially in the manner and for the purposes shown 'and described.

HENRY WV. ADAMS, M. D. STEUBEN T. BACON. Witnesses:

GHAuLns H. EVANS, J osnrn Evans. 

